Estudou-se o comportamento de vacas mestiças ordenhadas na presença ou na ausência de suas crias. O experimento foi conduzido no setor de Bovinocultura de Leite do Curso de Zootecnia da UESB, no município de Itapetinga, BA. Foram utilizadas 20 vacas mestiças Holandês x Gir, distribuídas em um delineamento em blocos casualizados, com dez repetições para cada tratamento sendo o período experimental de 31 dias durante a lactação. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise não paramétrica, utilizando o teste Qui-quadrado a 5% de significância, exceto as variáveis, tempo de permanência na sala de ordenha e produção de leite dos animais, que foram realizadas análise de variância e teste F a 5% de probabilidade. A produção de leite não foi afetada, embora as vacas manejadas com a presença da cria, durante a ordenha, terem apresentado maiores reatividades e atividades comportamentais e maior tempo na sala de ordenha.

The behavior of crossbreed cows, milked in the presence or absence of their calves, was analyzed. The trial was conducted on the Dairy Cattle Sector of UESB School of Animal Science in Itapetinga BA Brazil. Twenty crossbreed Holstein x Gir cows were distributed in a randomized block design with 10 replications for each treatment for the experimental period of 31 days, during lactation. Results were analyzed by nonparametric chi-square test at 5% significance, except the variables time at the milking sector and milk production which were evaluated by analysis of variance and F test at 5% probability. Although cows with the presence of calves during milking had higher reactivity, behavioral activities and more time in the milking sector, milk production was not affected.

Objetivou-se avaliar a utilização de suplemento mineral e suplemento mineral proteico na terminação de novilhos Nelore em pastejo de Brachiaria brizantha, no período das águas, e suas implicações sobre o consumo de forragem, o desempenho animal e a digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes. A parte de campo foi implantada numa área de 26 ha, dividida em quatro piquetes de aproximadamente 6,5 hectares (ha), formados de Brachiaria brizantha cultivar Marandu. Foram utilizados 18 novilhos Nelore, com 28 meses, peso vivo de 400,5 ± 7,5kg e castrados, distribuídos em dois tratamentos: suplementação mineral até a terminação e suplementação mineral proteica de baixo consumo até a terminação. Não houve efeito sobre o consumo de pastagem, da fibra em detergente neutro, proteína bruta, extrato etéreo, carboidratos não fibrosos, cinzas e nutrientes digestíveis totais. O desempenho animal e a conversão alimentar não sofreram efeito da suplementação. Não houve efeito sobre o coeficiente da digestibilidade da matéria seca, matéria orgânica, proteína bruta, extrato etéreo e da fibra em detergente neutro. Houve efeito da suplementação com sal proteinado sobre a digestibilidade dos carboidratos não fibrosos. É desnecessário a suplementação com sal proteinado na época das aguas.

This study aimed to evaluate the use of mineral and mineral supplement protein in finishing Nellore grazing Brachiaria brizantha during the rainy season and its implications for forage intake, animal performance and nutrient digestibility. The fieldwork was located in an area of 26 ha, divided into four paddocks of approximately 6.5 hectares (ha), formed Brachiaria brizantha Marandu. We used 18 Nellore with 28 months live weight of 400.5 ± 7.5kg and castrated in two treatments: mineral supplementation until the termination and mineral supplementation of low protein intake to termination. There was no effect on the consumption of pasture, neutral detergent fiber, crude protein, fat, non-fiber carbohydrates, ash and total digestible nutrients. The animal performance and feed conversion were not affected by supplementation. There was no effect on the coefficient of digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract and neutral detergent fiber. There was an effect of supplementation on the digestibility of non-fiber carbohydrates. In the rainy season the utilization of mineral salt allows the of animals in pastures. It is unnecessary supplementation with protein salt at the time of the waters.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the centesimal composition and fatty acids in meat from animals fed diets containing levels of soybean hulls. The experiment was conducted at UESB in Itapetinga-BA, Brazil. Twenty-five confined Santa Inês rams were used. Treatments consisted of different levels of substitution of corn by soybean hulls (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) and elephant grass silage as forage. The design was completely randomized. Samples of concentrate and silage were collected to evaluate the fatty acid composition. The experimental period lasted 110 days. After this period, the animals were slaughtered and samples of the longissimus muscle were collected and vacuum-packed for further analysis. The levels of total lipid and protein showed quadratic effect with the increase of soybean hulls in the diet, as the moisture increased linearly with inclusion. There was no effect of treatments on the percentage of ash. The composition of saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), PUFA/SFA and omega 6 (n-6) did not change, but increases in n-3 and reduction in the n-6:n-3 ratio were observed when the the amount of soybean hulls in the diet increased. The content of fatty acid conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) ranged from 3.0 to 4.0 g/kg at levels of substitution. The inclusion of soybean hulls in the diet increased CLA, the n-3 and decreased the n-6:n-3 ratio.

The objective was to assess the effects of a concentrate consisting of two types of corn: flint and dent, with three different grinding degrees (1, 3 and 5 mm), as a function of intake, performance and digestibility of three crossbred dairy suckling heifers. A randomized block design involving 54 crossbred heifers in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement was used to assess intake and performance patterns. In order to assess digestibility, the experimental design was completely randomized, consisting of 24 crossbred heifers. Weighting and measurements of height at withers and thoracic perimeter were performed. There was no significant interaction between grinding degree and corn type for any of the studied variables. The daily intake of concentrate dry matter was higher for flint corn (243 g/day) as compared with dent corn (160 g/day). The grinding degree caused difference in the dry matter, crude protein and ether extract intake, with higher intake when 3 and 5 mm sieves were used in the process. There was no difference regarding average daily gain and increased withers, croup and thoracic perimeter. Likewise, feed conversion did not differ. Regarding dry matter digestibility, there was an effect resulting from the hardness of corn (78.9% for dent, and 84.3% and for flint corn). As for the grinding degree, the highest value of dry matter digestibility was found when using 5 mm sieves (84.2%), whereas the percentage values found for 1 mm and 3 mm mesh sieves were 79.1% and 78.1%, respectively. It is recommended that heifer calves in the early stage of growth be fed flint corn ground through 3 or 5 mm mesh sieves.

INTRODUÇÃO: Os retalhos miocutâneos representam uma importante arma com que conta o cirurgião plástico quando se depara com grandes defeitos a serem cobertos após ressecção de tumores. OBJETIVO: O presente estudo tem por objetivo relatar a incidência de complicações com o uso de retalhos miocutâneos de músculo peitoral maior para reconstrução em cirurgia oncológica, em especial de cabeça e pescoço. MÉTODO: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo. Foram estudados pacientes operados por lesões malignas de cabeça e pescoço, nos quais se usou a técnica em discussão RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 116 pacientes operados no período entre março de 1994 e julho de 2009. Houve 2 perdas totais de retalho, 14 perdas parciais e formação de 17 fístulas. CONCLUSÃO: A incidência de complicações foi relativamente alta, o que relacionamos com o avançado estádio de doença dos pacientes operados e estado nutricional dos mesmos, além do porte das cirurgias. Apesar disso, os autores consideram o retalho miocutâneo de músculo peitoral maior um grande aliado para o cirurgião plástico que trabalha em reconstrução de cabeça e pescoço.

INTRODUCTION: The myocutaneous flap is an important tool on which the plastic surgeon relies when handling major defects after tumors resection. PURPOSE: The objective of this study is reporting the incidence of post-operative complications with myocutaneous flap of pectoralis muscle for repairs in oncologic surgery, especially head and neck. METHODS: A retrospective survey was performed. Patients with head and neck malignancies submitted to this technique were studied. RESULTS: Between March/1994 and July/2009, 116 patients submitted to oncologic surgery were evaluated. There were 2 total flap losses, 14 partial flap losses and 17 fistulas. CONCLUSION: The incidence of surgical complications was relatively high, what we believe to be linked with the advanced oncologic disease stage in our population, their nutritional condition and the nature of the surgery. Despite that, the authors consider that the myocutaneous flap of pectoralis muscle is a good choice for plastic surgeons working in head and neck reconstruction.